Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions ›› 2019, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (6): 407–418.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1226.2019.00407.

• •    下一篇

  

  • 收稿日期:2019-06-25 接受日期:2019-10-17 出版日期:2019-12-31 发布日期:2020-01-07

Influence of proximity to the Qinghai-Tibet highway and railway on variations of soil heavy metal concentrations and bacterial community diversity on the Tibetan Plateau

Xia Zhao1,2,JunFeng Wang3,Yun Wang4,Xiang Lu1,2,ShaoFang Liu1,2,YuBao Zhang1,2,ZhiHong Guo1,2,ZhongKui Xie1,2,RuoYu Wang1,2()   

  1. 1. Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
    3. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
    4. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
  • Received:2019-06-25 Accepted:2019-10-17 Online:2019-12-31 Published:2020-01-07
  • Contact: RuoYu Wang E-mail:wangruoyu@lzb.ac.cn

Abstract:

An understanding of soil microbial communities is crucial in roadside soil environmental assessments. The 16S rRNA sequencing of a stressed microbial community in soil adjacent to the Qinghai-Tibet Highway (QTH) revealed that the accumulation of heavy metals (over about 10 years) has affected the diversity of bacterial abundance and microbial community structure. The proximity of a sampling site to the QTH/Qinghai-Tibet Railway (QTR), which is effectively a measure of the density of human engineering, was the dominant factor influencing bacterial community diversity. The diversity of bacterial communities shows that 16S rRNA gene abundance decreased in relation to proximity to the QTH and QTR in both alpine wetland and meadow areas. The dominant phyla across all samples were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. The concentration of Cr and Cd in the soil were positively correlated with proximity to the QTH and QTR (MC/WC sampling sites), and Ni, Co, and V were positively correlated with proximity to the QTH and QTR (MA/WA sampling sites). The results presented in this study provide an insight into the relationships among heavy metals and soil microbial communities, and have important implications for assessing and predicting the impacts of human-induced activities from the QTH and QTR in such an extreme and fragile environment.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Highway (QTH), Qinghai-Tibet Railway (QTR), soil bacterial community, alpine wetland, alpine meadow, heavy metal

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Location and data format V Cr Co Ni Cu Zn Cd Pb
WA, n=3 Mean 92.63 79.19 10.96 27.45 34.45 293.13 0.62 62.43
SD 11.09 12.44 0.25 0.69 6.92 113.14 0.15 10.41
WB, n=3 Mean 81.78 89.62 9.37 24.33 25.16 141.16 0.22 44.88
SD 5.35 27.13 1.75 3.55 7.58 26.08 0.06 14.84
WC, n=3 Mean 110.20 80.37 11.46 30.95 30.78 220.82 0.57 74.68
SD 14.30 5.96 0.72 2.91 6.59 95.69 0.14 21.46
WCK, n=3 Mean 93.95 77.41 8.89 25.27 17.73 124.90 0.85 39.31
SD 2.57 7.96 0.29 0.66 1.20 23.80 0.06 2.85
MA, n=3 Mean 79.28 90.67 8.16 22.37 23.78 100.72 0.55 64.18
SD 4.14 13.05 0.36 1.04 3.61 19.68 0.12 22.19
MB, n=3 Mean 90.85 113.34 8.30 22.84 21.49 84.29 0.82 33.36
SD 2.47 16.89 0.28 1.09 1.70 7.44 0.09 0.75
MC, n=3 Mean 111.95 68.72 10.59 27.58 20.20 93.40 0.41 21.91
SD 39.83 19.63 3.79 10.21 3.69 37.40 0.11 4.60
MCK, n=3 Mean 86.86 78.35 7.45 20.64 17.11 57.05 0.39 21.60
SD 13.87 15.15 0.24 0.55 1.17 2.94 0.14 1.12
Upper continental crust a 135 100 25 75 55 70 0.2 12.5
Background of United Statesb 80 54 9.1 19 25 60 - 19
Background of mainland Chinac 82.4 61.0 12.7 26.9 22.6 74.2 0.097 26.0
Background of Tibet, Chinad 75.9 77.4 11.6 32.1 21.9 73.7 0.080 28.9

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Environmental attribute (ppm) r value Environmental attribute r value
Ni 0.732** SWC (%) 0.639**
Co 0.671** Clay (%) 0.257
V 0.643** Sand (%) 0.218
Cr 0.293 Silt (%) 0.226
Cd 0.170 pH 0.172
Pb 0.148 TOC (g/kg) 0.153
Zn 0.111 TN (g/kg) 0.123
Cu 0.041

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Ecotype Sample OTU ACE Chao1 Simpson Shannon
Wetland WA 1,574 1,695.227 1,736.489 0.005077 6.224894
WB 1,263 1,393.692 1,412.309 0.011911 5.747849
WC 1,102 1,264.734 1,307.554 0.006491 5.791363
Meadow MA 1,379 1,531.274 1,531.274 0.014792 5.666308
MB 1,356 1,502.562 1,514.474 0.014312 5.627286
MC 1,258 1,435.597 1,473.981 0.008527 5.794125

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MA/WA MB/WB MC/WC MCK/WCK
MA/WA 0.034895 0.014613 0.328403
MB/WB 0.152504 0.252389
MC/WC 0.060061
MCK/WCK

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Sample ID H2O (%) Sand (%) Silt (%) Clay (%) TN (g/kg) TOC (g/kg) pH
WA1 9.86 3.0 61 36.0 1.84 4.85 8.54
WA2 4.39 4.0 49 47.0 1.03 3.72 8.54
WA3 7.29 5.0 46 49.0 1.07 5.04 8.40
WB1 28.14 5.0 47 48.0 2.22 18.35 8.10
WB2 36.99 10.0 52 38.0 2.31 24.25 8.33
WB3 24.04 4.0 62 34.0 2.32 14.98 8.16
WC1 24.89 9.0 51 40.0 1.97 13.75 8.24
WC2 15.06 6.0 38 56.0 0.68 6.44 8.70
WC3 20.34 7.0 29 64.0 1.03 8.29 8.15
MA1 1.39 4.0 50 46.0 0.76 4.99 8.43
MA2 1.14 5.5 33 61.5 1.07 5.89 8.36
MA3 1.73 5.5 47 47.5 0.79 6.35 8.26
MB1 1.65 7.0 48 45.0 0.78 4.45 8.37
MB2 0.64 9.0 39 52.0 1.31 4.38 8.34
MB3 1.05 11.0 41.5 49.0 1.05 4.89 8.18
MC1 11.63 5.0 47 48.0 0.70 2.29 8.54
MC2 9.37 4.0 44 52.0 0.67 1.64 8.55
MC3 12.80 2.5 41.5 56.0 0.90 2.94 8.30

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