Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions ›› 2016, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (2): 125134.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1226.2016.00125
• ARTICLES • 上一篇
Influence of short-term experimental warming on heat-water processes of the active layer in a swamp meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
GuangSheng Liu1, GenXu Wang2
- 1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
Influence of short-term experimental warming on heat-water processes of the active layer in a swamp meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
GuangSheng Liu1, GenXu Wang2
- 1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
摘要: Climate change is now evident in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),with impacts on the alpine ecosystem,particularly on water and heat balance between the active layer and the atmosphere.Thus,we document the basic characteristics of changes in the water and heat dynamics in response to experimental warming in a typical alpine swamp meadow ecosystem.Data sets under open top chambers(OTC) and the control manipulations were collected over a complete year.The results show that annual(2008) air temperatures of OTC-1 and OTC-2 were 6.7℃ and 3.5℃ warmer than the control.Rising temperature promotes plant growth and development.The freeze-thaw and isothermal days of OTCs appeared more frequently than the control,owing to comparably higher water and better vegetation conditions.OTCs soil moisture decreased with the decrease of soil depth;however,there was an obviously middle dry aquifer of the control,which is familiar in QTP.Moreover,experimental warming led to an increase in topsoil water content due to poorly drained swamp meadow ecosystem with higher organic matter content and thicker root horizons.The results of this study will have some contributions to alpine cold ecosystem water-heat process and water cycle under climate change.
Bremer DJ, Ham JM, Owensby CE, 1996. Effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and open-top chambers on transpiration in tallgrass prairie. Journal of Environmental Quality, 25:691-701. DOI:10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500040008x. Carey SK, Woo MK, 1999. Hydrology of two slopes in subarctic Yukon, Canada. Hydrological Processes, 13:2549-2562. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085. Chapin Ⅲ FS, Sturm M, Serreze MC, et al., 2005. Role of land-surface changes in Arctic summer warming. Science, 310:657-660. DOI:10.1029/2003GL018680. Christensen TR, Johansson T, Kerman HJ, et al., 2004. Thawing subarctic permafrost:effects on vegetation and methane emissions.Geophysical Research Letters, 31:L04501.DOI:10.1029/2003GL018680. Fukuda M, Orhun A, Luthin JN, 1980. Experimental studies of coupled heat and moisture transfer in soils during freezing.Cold Region Science and Technology, 9(3):223-232. DOI:10.1016/0165-30232X(80)90028-2. Guglielmin M, Evans CE, Cannone N, 2008. Active layer thermal regime under different vegetation conditions in permafrost areas.A case study at Signy Island(Maritime Antarctica). Geoderma, 144:74-85. DOI:10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.10.010. Havstrom M, Callaghan TV, Jonasson S, 1993. Differential growth responses of Cassiope tetragona, an arctic dwarf-shrub, to environmental perturbations among three contrasting high and subarctic sites. Oikos, 66:389-402. DOI:10.2307/3544933. Hollister RD, Webber PJ, 2000. Biotic validation of small open-top chambers in a tundra ecosystem. Global Change Biology, 6:835-842. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00363.x. Hu HC, Wang GX, Liu GS, 2009. Influences of alpine ecosystem degradation on soil temperature in the freezing-thawing process on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Environmental Geology, 57(6):1391-1397. DOI:10.1007/s00254-008-1417-7. IPCC, 2013. Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis.Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York:Cambridge University Press. Jorgenson MT, Racine CH, Walters JC, 2001. Permafrost degradation and ecological changes associated with a warming in central Alaska. Climatic Change, 48:551-579. DOI:10.1023/A:1005667424292. Komescu AU, Eikan A, Oz S, 1998. Possible impact of climate change on soil moisture availability in the southwest Anatolia development project region(GAP):An analysis from an agricultural drought perspective. Climatic Change, 40:519-545.DOI:10.1023/A:1005349408201. Li SX, Nan ZT, Zhao L, 2002. Impact of soil freezing and thawing process on thermal exchange between atmosphere and ground surface. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 24(5):506-511. Li YN, Zhao L, Zhao XQ, et al., 2004. Effects of a 5-year mimic temperature increase to the structure and productivity of Kobresia humilis meadow. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 12:236-239. Liu XD, Chen BD, 2000. Climatic warming in the Tibetan Plateau during recent decades. International Journal of Climatology, 20:1729-1742. DOI:10.1002/1097-0088(20001130)20:14<1729:AID-JOC556>3.0.CO;2-Y. Marion GM, Henry GHR, Freckman DW, 1997. Open-top designs for manipulating field temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems.Global Change Biology, 3(Supplement 1):20-32.DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1997.gcb136.x. Nelson FE, Lachenbruch AH, Woo MK, et al., 2003. Permafrost and changing climate. In:Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Permafrost, Beijing, China, pp. 987-1005. Oechel WC, Vourlitis GL, Hastings SJ, et al., 2000. Acclimation of ecosystem CO2 exchange in the Alaskan Arctic in response to decadal climate warming. Nature, 406:978-980. DOI:10.1038/35023137. Osterkamp TE, Lachenbruch AH, 1990. Thermal regime of permafrost in Alaska and predicted global warming. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 4(1):38-42. DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1990)4:1(38). Osterkamp TE, Romanovsky VE, 1997. Freezing of active layer on the coastal plain of the Alaskan Arctic. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 8:23-44. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530. Rouse WR, 2000. Progress in hydrological research in the Mackenzie GEWEX study. Hydrological Processes, 14:1667-1685.DOI:10.1002/1099-1085. Thomas D, Cameron A, Green GE, et al., 2004. Extinction risk from climate change. Nature, 427:145-148. DOI:10.1038/nature02121. Turetsky MR, Kelman-Wieder R, Vitt DH, 2002. Boreal peatland C fluxes under varying permafrost regimes. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34:907-912. DOI:10.1016/S0038-0717(02) 00022-6. Walker DA, Jia GJ, Epstein HE, et al., 2003. Vegetation-soil-thaw-depth relationships along a low arctic bioclimate gradient, Alaska:synthesis of information from the ATLAS studies. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 14:103-123. DOI:10.1002/ppp.452. Wang GX, Li YS, Hu HC, et al., 2008. Synergistic effect of vegetation and air temperature changes on soil water content in alpine frost meadow soil in the permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibet. Hydrological Processes, 22:3310-3320. DOI:10.1002/hyp. Wang GX, Li YS, Wang YB, et al., 2007. Typical alpine wetland system changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in recent 40 years.Acta Geographica Sinica, 62(5):481-491. Woo MK, Winter TC, 1993. The role of permafrost and seasonal frost in the hydrology of northern wetlands in North America.Journal of Hydrology, 141:5-31. DOI:10.1016/0022-1694(93)90043-9. Wu QB, Shen YP, Shi B, 2003. Relationship between frozen soil together with its water heat process and ecological environment in the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 25(3):250-255. Zavaleta ES, Thomas BD, Chiariello NR, et al., 2003. Plants reverse warming effect on ecosystem water balance. PNAS, 100:9892-9893. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1732012100. Zhang YS, Ohata T, Kadota T, 2003. Land surface hydrological processes in the permafrost region of the eastern Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Hydrology, 283:41-56. DOI:10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00240-3. Zhao L, Cheng GD, Li SX, et al., 2000. Thawing and freezing processes of active layer in Wudaoliang Region of Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Science Bulletin, 45(23):2181-2186. DOI:10.1007/BF02886326. Zhou YW, Guo DX, Qiu GQ, et al., 2000. Geocryology in China.Beijing:Science Press, pp. 65-80. |
[1] | Stuart A. Harris, HuiJun Jin, RuiXia He, SiZhong Yang. Tessellons, topography, and glaciations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2018, 10(3): 187-206. |
[2] | JunZhan Wang, JianJun Qu, LiHai Tan, KeCun Zhang. A method to obtain soil-moisture estimates over bare agricultural fields in arid areas by using multi-angle RADARSAT-2 data[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2018, 10(2): 145-150. |
[3] | SiQiong Luo, BoLi Chen, ShiHua Lyu, XueWei Fang, JingYuan Wang, XianHong Meng, LunYu Shang, ShaoYing Wang, Di Ma. An improvement of soil temperature simulations on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2018, 10(1): 80-94. |
[4] | HongYan Bao, Kai Yang, ChengHai Wang. Characteristics of GLDAS soil-moisture data on the Tibet Plateau[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2017, 9(2): 127-141. |
[5] | XiaoLi Chang, HuiJun Jin, RuiXia He, LanZhi Lü, Stuart A. Harris. Evolution and changes of permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the Late Quaternary[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2017, 9(1): 1-19. |
[6] | YuZhong Yang, QingBai Wu, HuiJun Jin, Peng Zhang. δ18O,δD and d-excess signatures of ground ice in permafrost in the Beiluhe Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2017, 9(1): 38-45. |
[7] | ShengBo Xie, JianJun Qu, Tao Wang. Wind tunnel simulation of the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on soil erosion in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2016, 8(3): 187-195. |
[8] | JunJun Yang, ZhiBin He, WeiJun Zhao, Jun Du, LongFei Chen, Xi Zhu. Assessing artificial neural networks coupled with wavelet analysis for multi-layer soil moisture dynamics prediction[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2016, 8(2): 116-124. |
|