Impact of brine on physical properties of saline soils

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1226.2021.21038.

Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions ›› 2021, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5): 430–439.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1226.2021.21038.

• • 上一篇

收稿日期:2021-05-18 接受日期:2021-08-24 出版日期:2021-10-31 发布日期:2021-12-03

Impact of brine on physical properties of saline soils

Yu Zhang¹(),Jie Liu¹,AnHua Xu²,JianKun Liu³,ZhaoHui Yang⁴,JianHong Fang⁵

^1.School of Traffic and Transportation, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
^2.Qinghai Communications Technical College, Xining, Qinghai 810003, China
^3.School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China
^4.College of Engineering, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage 99508, USA
^5.Qinghai Research Institute of Transportation, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China

Received:2021-05-18 Accepted:2021-08-24 Online:2021-10-31 Published:2021-12-03
Contact: Yu Zhang E-mail:zhangyu@mail.lzjtu.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41501062);the Longyuan Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent (Team) Project of Gansu Province and Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(20JR10RA227)

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

Engineering activities in the salt lake region continue to increase where fresh water resources are scarce. This paper investigates the physical properties of saline soils during mixing with brine. Fine-grained saline soils with salt content varying from 2.6% to 78.5% were collected along Qarhan-Golmud Highway (QGH) and Sebei-Qarhan Highway (SQH) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to conduct laboratory physical properties tests. Liquid plastic limit tests were conducted. Results show that liquid plastic limit parameters will decrease with an increase of salt content ranging from 2.6% to 78.5%, and the relationship between them is linear. After considering the content ratio of chloride and sulfate, results show that liquid plastic limit parameters will decrease with an increase of the ratio of chloride to sulfate ranging from 0.7% to 7.0%; liquid plastic limit parameters enter a stable period at the ratio of chloride to sulfate ranging from 7.0% to 37.4%; liquid plastic limit parameters enter a decline period at the ratio of chloride to sulfate ranging from 37.4% to 77.2%. After brine and fresh water are separately mixed into saline soil, the optimal moisture content of the soil samples after the brine action is lower than the saline soil under the action of fresh water, and the maximum dry density of the soil sample is higher than that under the action of fresh water. At the same time, these changing laws show a certain correlation with the chloride ion content and the ratio of chloride to sulfate in saline soils. The results are of significance for engineering activities in salt lake regions with extensive saline soil distribution.

Key words: saline soil, brine, physical properties, the ratio of chloride to sulfate

. [J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2021, 13(5): 430–439.

Yu Zhang,Jie Liu,AnHua Xu,JianKun Liu,ZhaoHui Yang,JianHong Fang. Impact of brine on physical properties of saline soils[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2021, 13(5): 430–439.

图/表 30

y	x	$a ω l, ω p s a l$	$b ω l, ω p s a l$	R²
Liquid limit	Salt content	-0.476	42.0	0.92
Plastic limit		-0.354	28.7	0.97
Plasticity index		-0.122	13.4	0.78

y	x	$a ω l, ω p c h l$	$a ω l, ω p c h l$	R²
Liquid limit	Chloride ions	-0.724	39.7	0.96
Plastic limit		-0.540	26.4	0.96
Plasticity index		-0.184	13.3	0.90

y	x (0.74≤x<7.03)	$a ω l, ω p r a t$	$b ω l, ω p r a t$	R²
Liquid limit	The ratio of chloride to sulfate	-2.369	44.1	0.99
Plastic limit		-1.536	28.8	0.99
Plasticity index		-0.843	15.3	0.97

y	x (7.03≤x<37.35)	$a ω l, ω p r a t$	$b ω l, ω p r a t$	R²
Liquid limit	The ratio of chloride to sulfate	-0.018	27.9	0.87
Plastic limit		-0.012	18.2	0.97
Plasticity index		-0.006	9.7	0.97

y	x (37.35≤x≤77.15)	$a ω l, ω p r a t$	$b ω l, ω p r a t$	R²
Liquid limit	The ratio of chloride to sulfate	-0.442	43.7	0.89
Plastic limit		-0.358	33.1	0.77
Plasticity index		-0.084	10.6	0.68

Conditions	y	x	$a o p t s a l$	$b o p t s a l$	R²
Water	The optimal moisture content	Salt content	-16.592	34.5	0.96
Brine	The optimal moisture content	Salt content	-12.190	25.9	0.87

y	x	$a o p t c h l$	$b o p t c h l$	R²
The optimal moisture content	The content of chloride ions (3.22≤x<18.83)	-0.824	20.9	0.99
The optimal moisture content	The content of chloride ions (18.83≤x≤47.16)	-0.132	8.7	0.74

y	x	$a o p t r a t$	$b o p t r a t$	R²
The optimal moisture content	The ratio of chloride to sulfate	-0.220	16.7	0.81

Conditions	y	x	$a m a x s a l$	$b m a x s a l$	R²
Water	The maximum dry density	Salt content (2.59≤x≤78.50)	0.007	1.4	0.97
Water		Salt content (2.59≤x<36.10)	0.008	1.7	0.93
Brine		Salt content (36.10≤x<64.41)	-0.0003	1.9	0.97
Brine		Salt content (64.41≤x≤78.50)	0.011	1.3	0.99

y	x	$a m a x c h l$	$b m a x c h l$	R²
The maximum dry density	The content of chloride ions (3.22≤x<18.83)	0.013	1.7	0.75
	The content of chloride ions (18.83≤x<39.16)	0.002	1.9	0.96
	The content of chloride ions (39.16≤x≤47.16)	0.019	1.2	0.98

y	x	$a m a x r a t$	$b m a x r a t$	R²
The maximum dry density	The ratio of chloride to sulfate (4.13≤x<35.00)	0.006	1.7	0.62
	The ratio of chloride to sulfate (35.00≤x<59.09)	-0.002	2.0	0.92
	The ratio of chloride to sulfate (59.09≤x≤77.85)	0.013	1.1	1.00

z	x	y	$a m a x c o n$	$b m a x c o n$	$c m a x c o n c e n$	$d m a x c o n c e n$
The maximum dry density (g/cm³)	The salt content (%)	The concentration (%)	4×10^-5	0.0028	10^-6	1.5298

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Ion species	Content	Ion species	Content
CO₃^2-	0.046%	Mg²⁺	1.459%
HCO₃^-	0.033%	SO₄^2-	1.114%
Cl^-	19.254%	Na⁺	7.136%
Ca²⁺	0.762%	Total salt content	30.968%
K⁺	1.211%

Soil samples	Sampling location and mileage	Salt content								Total salt content	Cl^-/SO₄^2-
Soil samples	Sampling location and mileage	CO₃^2-	HCO₃^-	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Total salt content	Cl^-/SO₄^2-
MLSt-1	QGH-K642 + 200	0.00%	0.16%	0.43%	0.58%	0.02%	0.35%	0.30%	0.24%	2.59%	0.740
MLSt-2	QGH-K636 + 000	0.00%	0.02%	2.04%	1.10%	0.06%	1.32%	0.95%	0.10%	8.80%	1.849
MLSt-3	QGH-K636 + 000	0.00%	0.01%	3.37%	1.49%	0.08%	1.62%	0.70%	0.24%	11.88%	2.267
CLSt-1	QGH-K602 + 750	0.00%	0.03%	14.73%	0.48%	0.13%	6.73%	0.60%	1.34%	25.40%	30.69
SPSt-1	SQH-K113 + 832	0.01%	0.05%	17.95%	0.32%	0.06%	11.16%	0.22%	0.20%	29.97%	56.09
CLSt-2	QGH-K603 + 300	0.00%	0.01%	3.37%	2.40%	0.14%	10.35%	0.80%	0.79%	35.06%	7.025
CLSt-3	QGH-K603 + 260	0.03%	0.13%	17.93%	0.48%	0.12%	9.69%	0.60%	0.98%	36.12%	37.35
SFSt-1	SQH-K151+187.6	0.03%	0.03%	37.75%	0.75%	1.88%	18.28%	0.35%	2.70%	61.77%	50.33
SFSt-2	SQH-K153 + 997.6	0.05%	0.05%	38.95%	1.13%	3.54%	16.83%	0.48%	3.38%	64.41%	34.45
SPSt-2	SQH-K102 + 800	0.02%	0.03%	47.06%	0.61%	0.16%	30.25%	0.28%	0.10%	78.50%	77.15

Soil samples	Liquid limit	Plastic limit	Plasticity index	Nonuniform coefficient
MLSt-1	42.1%	27.3%	14.8	14.7
MLSt-2	39.5%	25.6%	13.9	12.5
MLSt-3	38.7%	25.4%	13.3	13.3
CLSt-1	28.5%	18.2%	10.3	10.7
SPSt-1	20.5%	17.4%	3.1	4.8
CLSt-2	26.8%	18.0%	8.8	7.8
CLSt-3	26.3%	17.4%	8.9	13.3
SFSt-1	11.0%	4.1%	6.9	8.0
SFSt-2	9.2%	5.5%	3.7	9.9
SPSt-2	9.2%	2.6%	6.6	5.5

Soil samples	Optimal moisture content	Maximum dry density (g/cm³)
MLSt-1	17.90%	1.66
MLSt-2	16.80%	1.73
MLSt-3	16.70%	1.77
CLSt-1	8.20%	1.83
SPSt-1	5.20%	1.84
CLSt-2	7.00%	1.92
CLSt-3	7.20%	1.96
SFSt-1	4.49%	1.91
SFSt-2	3.20%	1.95
SPSt-2	2.25%	2.09

Soil samples	Optimal moisture content	Maximum dry density (g/cm³)
SPSt-2	3.63%	2.00
SPSt-1	8.30%	1.65
SFSt-1	4.57%	1.84
SFSt-2	5.00%	1.90
CLSt-1	17.5%	1.56

Impact of brine on physical properties of saline soils

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