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Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions ›› 2021, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 299–313.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1226.2021.20024.

• • 上一篇    

  

  • 收稿日期:2020-07-11 接受日期:2021-01-19 出版日期:2021-08-31 发布日期:2021-08-19

Ground temperature variation and its response to climate change on the northern Tibetan Plateau

GuoNing Wan,MeiXue Yang(),XueJia Wang   

  1. Yulong Snow Mountain National Field Observation and Research Station for Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
  • Received:2020-07-11 Accepted:2021-01-19 Online:2021-08-31 Published:2021-08-19
  • Contact: MeiXue Yang E-mail:mxyang@lzb.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771068);the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(XDA20100102);the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) "Light of West China" Program, the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2018460);the Program of China Scholarship Council(201804910129)

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Abstract:

Ground temperature plays a significant role in the interaction between the land surface and atmosphere on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Under the background of temperature warming, the TP has witnessed an accelerated warming trend in frozen ground temperature, an increasing active layer thickness, and the melting of underground ice. Based on high-resolution ground temperature data observed from 1997 to 2012 on the northern TP, the trend of ground temperature at each observation site and its response to climate change were analyzed. The results showed that while the ground temperature at different soil depths showed a strong warming trend over the observation period, the warming in winter is more significant than that in summer. The warming rate of daily minimum ground temperature was greater than that of daily maximum ground temperature at the TTH and MS3608 sites. During the study period, thawing occurred earlier, whereas freezing happened later, resulting in shortened freezing season and a thinner frozen layer at the BJ site. And a zero-curtain effect develops when the soil begins to thaw or freeze in spring and autumn. From 1997 to 2012, the average summer air temperature and precipitation in summer and winter from six meteorological stations along the Qinghai-Tibet highway also demonstrated an increasing trend, with a more significant temperature increase in winter than in summer. The ground temperature showed an obvious response to air temperature warming, but the trend varied significantly with soil depths due to soil heterogeneity.

Key words: ground temperature, soil freezing-thawing processes, the Tibetan Plateau, climate change

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YearSoil depth (cm)
420406080100130160
200113513813713712513012667
200212412913412910312011741
200313413913112499115101-
20041271341171139311382-
20051251351291279912669-

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JJA0 cm4 cm20 cm40 cm60 cm80 cm100 cm130 cm160 cm180 cm
19989.99.58.26.85.43.72.71.30.4-0.1
19998.67.76.65.64.43.22.31.10.30.0
2000**********
2001**********
2002**********
20037.87.36.14.93.62.51.70.6-0.2-0.4
20048.17.66.45.24.02.82.00.80.0-0.3
20057.68.06.45.03.62.41.60.5-0.2-0.4
2006**********
20078.88.57.25.84.43.12.20.90.1-0.2
20087.98.16.85.44.02.82.00.7-0.1-0.3
2009**********
2010**6.65.23.82.61.70.6-0.2-0.4
2011**6.04.73.42.21.50.4-0.3-0.5
2012**7.55.94.43.02.10.8-0.1-0.4
DJF0 cm4 cm20 cm40 cm60 cm80 cm100 cm130 cm160 cm180 cm
1998-7.6-7.2-6.6-5.0-4.0-3.1-2.5-1.3-0.5-0.3
1999-10.8-10.0-9.5-7.5-6.4-5.4-4.6-3.0-1.9-1.3
2000**********
2001**********
2002**********
2003-10.5-10.1-9.4-7.7-6.7-5.6-4.8-3.3-2.3-1.7
2004-11.1-11.0-10.2-8.3-7.2-6.1-5.3-3.7-2.6-1.9
2005-10.9-11.1-10.0-8.2-7.1-6.1-5.3-3.7-2.7-2.0
2006**********
2007-10.7-10.6-9.6-7.8-6.6-5.5-4.6-3.0-2.0-1.4
2008-10.8-11.2-9.8-7.9-6.7-5.6-4.7-3.1-2.1-1.4
2009-10.0-10.2********
2010**-9.6-7.9-6.9-5.8-4.9-3.4-2.4-1.7
2011**-9.8-8.0-6.9-5.8-5.0-3.5-2.5-1.8

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